Image Question-34
What is the Diagnosis of Image? Nephron, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons What...
Primary brain tumors
Tumor-like malformations of Brain include all except A. Epidermoid tumorsB. Colloid cystC. Pineal tumorsD. Craniopharyngioma...
Intracranial hemorrhage
All are risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage except A. Low levels of total serum cholesterolB....
Amnestic Syndrome
Amnestic syndrome refers to profound loss of A. Immediate memory B. short-term episodic memory C....
Papez circuit
Papez circuit is involved in function of A. memory B. sensory processing C. motor function...
Pott Puffy Tumor
Pott puffy tumor results from A. Osteomyelitis B. Hyperplasia C. Neoplasia D. Osteoma Pott Puffy...
Brain abscess and empyema
Which of the following heart conditions predispose to brain infection and abscess A. Patent foramen...
Clinical Questions -3
Presentation A 70-year-old Indian man presented with a 2-day history of dysphagia, vomiting, and nasal...
Image Question-33
What is the Diagnosis of Image? What sign is seen in MRI Scan arrow mark?...
Motility Disorders – MCQs
Esophagus develops from the cranial portion of the foregut and is recognizable by -A. Second…
Chromosomal disorders -MCQs
Usual procedure to examine chromosomes is to arrest dividing cells in ———— ?A. ProphaseB. MetaphaseC….
Metaplasia – MCQs
Most common epithelial metaplasia is -A. Columnar to SquamousB. Squamous to Columnar C. Transitional to…
Edema – MCQs
Which of the following is characteristic finding in severe renal disease?A. Pedal edemaB. Sacral edemaC….
Vascular Function MCQs
Which of the following is CORRECT for a blood vessel as the vessels become smallerA….
Babesia
Maltese-cross form is a characteristic feature of which of the following parasite?A. Schistosoma mansoniB. Brugia malayiC….
Blast crisis
Blast crisis 1. Blast Crisis is Diagnoses when Blast count is -A. >10%B. > 20%C….
CRAB criteria
CRAB criteria is used for – A. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia B. Multiple Myeloma C.Renal Cell…
Medicine MCQs – 23
Under normal circumstances, free hemoglobin released by hemolysis is removed by -
Clinical settings - Haptoglobin assay is used to screen for and monitor intravascular hemolytic anemia.
In intravascular hemolysis, free hemoglobin will be released into circulation and hence haptoglobin will bind the hemoglobin. This causes a decline in haptoglobin levels.
Which is the most common site for thrombosis in PNH patients?
Hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome) is recognized as one of the most common sites of thrombosis
Hepatic failure is a common cause of mortality in PNH
All of the following are CORRECT about thrombosis in PNH patients EXCEPT -
Cerebral venous thrombosis is common
Cerebral venous system is the second most frequent location of thrombosis after hepatic veins.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4602837/
All of the following are useful in treatment of Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria as required EXCEPT:
Long-term glucocorticoids not useful and contraindicated
Eculizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against the complement protein -
Eculizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against the complement protein C5
Which of the following support a diagnosis of hemolysis?
Decrease in haptoglobin and Low Hb and Hematocrit support a diagnosis of hemolysis
All of the following are correct about Eculizumab EXCEPT -
Meningococcal vaccination is recommended at least 2 weeks before receiving eculizumab
All of the following are correct for Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria EXCEPT:
In PNH - Mutation of the X-linked gene phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIGA), produces a deficiency in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) protein, which is responsible for anchoring other protein moieties to the surface of erythrocytes.
Which medicine dramatically alters the natural course of PNH, reducing symptoms and disease complications as well as improve survival?
Eculizumab- is a medication used to treat
- paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS)
- generalized myasthenia gravis
- neuromyelitis optica
Most common finding in Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is -
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) - most common- hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, and shortness of breath.
Other findings - thrombosis, renal insufficiency, and bone marrow failure.
Ankle:Brachial Index
What is Ankle Brachial Index? ABI is a non-invasive tool for the assessment of vascular…
Gait disturbances
Gait disturbancesGaitCause Of GaitCause 1Antalgic Gaitpain2Vaulting gaitcommon in children with limb length discrepancypelvic droop, decreased…
“Cock-walk” gait and “horseshoe moustache” sign
MCQ “Cock-walk” gait and “horseshoe moustache” sign on MRI seen in- A. Hypermagnesemia B. Hypermanganesemia…
Adrenal Cortex
Where is adrenal cortex situated? adrenal cortex forms the outer three-quarters of the gland What…
Medicine MCQs-22
What is the primary defect of type 2 renal tubular acidosis?
type 2 RTA - Proximal HCO3 - reabsorption
type 1 RTA - Diminished distal H+ secretion
Which is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in hospitalized patients?
Lactic acidosis is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis in hospitalized patients.
What is the primary defect of type 1 renal tubular acidosis?
Primary defect of type 1 renal tubular acidosis -impairment in hydrogen ion secretion in the distal tubule
Which of the following is the major cause of Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?
Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis is a pathological state that results from bicarbonate loss, rather than acid production or retention.
All of the following are the exogenous causes of hyperchloremic acidosis EXCEPT -
Exogenous causes of hyperchloremic acidosis -
Ammonium chloride supplement
Hydrochloric acid supplement
Large volume resuscitation with normal saline
It is called as elevated anion gap when anion gap is -
elevated anion gap - when anion gap is >12 mEq/L
Metabolic acidosis is defined as a reduced serum pH, and an abnormal serum bicarbonate concentration of -
Metabolic acidosis is defined as a reduced serum pH, and an abnormal serum bicarbonate concentration of <22 mEq/L
Salicylate poisoning causes typically -
Two of the most common and notable causes of increased anion gap metabolic acidosis -
High anion gap metabolic acidosis conditions include -
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
salicylate poisoning
Delta ratio is a formula that can be used to assess -
Delta ratio, or "delta-delta", is a formula that can be used to assess elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis
Most common cause of a low anion gap is -
Low anion gap is often due to hypoalbuminemia.
Albumin is an anionic protein and its loss results in the retention of other negatively charged ions such as chloride and bicarbonate.
As bicarbonate and chloride anions are used to calculate the anion gap, there is a subsequent decrease.
Auer rods
Which conditions are associated with Auer rods ? Also called – Auer bodies These are…
